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1.
Salud pública Méx ; 62(3): 306-312, May.-Jun. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1377317

ABSTRACT

Resume: Objetivo: Analizar la rectoría y los mecanismos de procuración de insumos en el contexto del Programa de Acción Específico de Prevención y Control de la Rabia Humana y la Semana Nacional de Vacunación Antirrábica canina y felina en México (SNVA-C). Material y métodos: La información se obtuvo mediante solicitudes al Instituto Nacional de Transparencia, Acceso a la Información y Protección de Datos Personales. Resultados: De 2009 a 2017 se aplicaron 158.9 millones de dosis de vacuna antirrábica canina y felina (VAR-CF) por un monto de compra aproximado de 1 915 MDP. Se documentó una débil rectoría que permite prácticas monopólicas y compras fragmentadas y directas. Las adquisiciones se han fincado con precios que varían entre entidades federativas y son significativamente más altos que los precios internacionales. Conclusión: Después de 30 años de operación de la SNVA-C en México, persisten pagos excesivos para la VAR-CF, los cuales son indicativos de una falla importante del mercado, caracterizada por nula competencia, información asimétrica y estructuras de incentivos desalineadas que impiden obtener un precio competitivo.


Abstract: Objective: To analyze decision-making concerning stewardship and procurement mechanisms in the context of the Program for Prevention and Control of Human Rabies and the National Canine and Feline Vaccination Week in Mexico. Materials and methods: The information was obtained through requests to the National Institute of Transparency, Access to Information and Protection of Personal Data. Results: From 2009 to 2017, 158.9 million doses of canine rabies vaccine (VAR-CF) were applied with an estimated budget of 1 915 million pesos. Our findings suggest weak stewardship and ineffective governance that allows monopolistic practices and fragmented and direct purchases. Prices for the same product vary discretionally between states and are significantly higher than those offered at international level. Conclusions: After 30 years of operation of the SNVA-C in Mexico, high prices of the VAR-CF persist, which are indicative of a significant market failure, characterized by zero competition, asymmetric information and misaligned incentive structures that precluded favorable price negotiation.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Dogs , Rabies/veterinary , Rabies Vaccines/administration & dosage , Cat Diseases/prevention & control , Vaccination/veterinary , Dog Diseases/prevention & control , Rabies/prevention & control , Rabies Vaccines/economics , Vaccination/economics , Vaccination/statistics & numerical data , Economic Competition , Mexico
2.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 26(1): 67-73, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-844125

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate oocyst shedding in cats immunized by nasal route with T. gondii proteins ROP2. Twelve short hair cats (Felis catus) were divided in three groups G1, G2 and G3 (n=4). Animals from G1 received 100 μg of rROP2 proteins plus 20 μg of Quil-A, G2 received 100 μg of BSA plus 20 μg of Quil-A, and the G3 only saline solution (control group). All treatments were done by intranasal route at days 0, 21, 42, and 63. The challenge was performed in all groups on day 70 with ≅ 800 tissue cysts of ME-49 strain by oral route. Animals from G1 shed less oocysts (86.7%) than control groups. ELISA was used to detect anti-rROP2 IgG and IgA, however, there were no correlation between number of oocyst shedding by either IgG or IgA antibody levels. In the present work, in spite of lesser oocysts production in immunized group than control groups, it was not possible to associate the use of rROP2 via nostrils with protection against oocyst shedding. For the future, the use of either other recombinant proteins or DNA vaccine, in combination with rROP2 could be tested to try improving the efficacy of this kind of vaccine.


Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eliminação de oocistos de Toxoplasma gondii em gatos imunizados pela via nasal com proteínas ROP2 de T. gondii. Doze gatos sem raça definida (Felis catus) foram divididos em três grupos experimentais G1, G2 e G3 (n = 4). Os animais do G1 receberam 100 μg de proteínas de rROP2 mais 20 μg de Quil-A, G2 recebeu 100 μg de albumina de soro bovino (BSA) junto com 20 μg de Quil-A, e o G3 recebeu apenas solução salina (grupo de controle). Todos os tratamentos foram realizados pela via intranasal nos dias 0, 21, 42 e 63. O desafio foi realizado em todos os grupos no dia 70 com aproximadamente 800 cistos de tecido da cepa ME-49 por via oral. Os animais de todos os grupos tiveram as suas fezes examinadas e o número de oocistos foi determinado durante 20 dias após o desafio. Os animais de G1 eliminaram menos oocistos (86,7%) do que os grupos controles. O ELISA foi utilizado para detectar IgG e IgA anti-rROP2, no entanto, não houve correlação entre o número de eliminhação de oocistos com os níveis de anticorpos IgG ou IgA. No presente trabalho, apesar da menor produção de oocistos no grupo imunizado (G1) em relação aos grupos controles (G2 e G3), não foi possível associar o uso de rROP2 pela via nasal com proteção contra eliminação de oocistos de T. gondii. Para o futuro, a utilização de outras proteínas recombinantes, ou mesmo vacina de DNA, em combinação com rROP2 poderia ser utilizada para tentar melhorar a eficácia deste tipo de vacina.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Cat Diseases/prevention & control , Protozoan Proteins/immunology , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/prevention & control , Protozoan Vaccines/immunology , Membrane Proteins/immunology , Toxoplasma/immunology , Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage , Recombinant Proteins/immunology , Administration, Intranasal , Antibodies, Protozoan , Cat Diseases/immunology , Protozoan Proteins/administration & dosage , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/immunology , Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage , Protozoan Vaccines/administration & dosage , Oocysts/immunology , Quillaja Saponins/administration & dosage , Quillaja Saponins/immunology , Membrane Proteins/administration & dosage
3.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 18(4): 74-77, Oct.-Dec. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-606812

ABSTRACT

No presente trabalho, foram avaliadas, comparativamente, duas formulações comerciais tópicas, contendo 10 por cento de fipronil, para o controle da pulga Ctenocephalides felis felis em gatos. O experimento foi realizado no Laboratório de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterinária do Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Foram empregados 18 gatos, sem raça definida, divididos em três grupos de seis. Um grupo permaneceu sem tratamento (controle), e os demais foram medicados com uma formulação referência do mercado veterinário ou com uma nova formulação em teste. Os animais tratados receberam 0,5 mL do produto ao longo da região dorso-cervical e foram infestados nos dias - 2, +5, +12, +19, +26 e +33. A primeira avaliação foi realizada quatro dias após a primeira infestação e, as demais, 48 horas após cada infestação, por meio do comb test. Ambas as formulações testadas foram eficazes até o dia +35 após o tratamento, não havendo diferenças entre seus níveis de eficácia ao longo do período experimental. A nova formulação, contendo fipronil a 10 por cento, apresentou a eficácia desejada no controle de C. f. felis em gatos.


The goal of the present study was to evaluate the comparative efficacy of two topical formulations containing 10 percent fipronil on the control of Ctenocephalides felis felis on cats. The trial was performed at the Laboratory of Experimental Chemotherapy in Veterinary Parasitology from the Department of Animal Parasitology of the Institute of Veterinary of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Eighteen mixed-breed cats were divided in three groups of six animals each. One group remained without treatment (control). The other groups received as treatment the two topical formulations, a commercial reference and the novel one, both containing 10 percent fipronil. Treated animals received 0.5 mL of product along their cervical region. Cats were infested on days - 2, +5, +12, +19, +26 and +33. Evaluations were made using the "comb test". The first one was undertaken 4 days after the initial infestation (day +2), and others 48 hours after following infestations (days +7, +14, +21, +28 and + 35). Both tested formulations had satisfactory efficacy until day + 35. No differences were observed comparing the efficacy levels between both formulations troughout the experimental period. The novel topical 10 percent fipronil formulation presented desirable efficacy on the control of C. f. felis on cats.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Cat Diseases/prevention & control , Ectoparasitic Infestations/veterinary , Insecticides/administration & dosage , Pyrazoles/administration & dosage , Siphonaptera , Administration, Topical , Ectoparasitic Infestations/prevention & control
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